Filename	/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/5.16.0/x86_64-linux/Socket.pm
Statements	Executed 30 statements in 30.9ms

Subroutines

Calls	P	F	Exclusive Time	Inclusive Time	Subroutine
99	1	1	342µs	342µs	Socket::::CORE:matchSocket::CORE:match (opcode)
1	1	1	236µs	236µs	Socket::::CORE:regcompSocket::CORE:regcomp (opcode)
1	1	1	82µs	181µs	Socket::::BEGIN@3Socket::BEGIN@3
1	1	1	73µs	73µs	Socket::::BEGIN@4Socket::BEGIN@4
1	1	1	69µs	340µs	Socket::::BEGIN@683Socket::BEGIN@683
1	1	1	60µs	151µs	Socket::::BEGIN@913Socket::BEGIN@913
1	1	1	54µs	689µs	Socket::::BEGIN@684Socket::BEGIN@684
2	2	1	31µs	31µs	Socket::::CORE:qrSocket::CORE:qr (opcode)
1	1	1	27µs	27µs	Socket::::BEGIN@801Socket::BEGIN@801
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::__ANON__[:914]Socket::__ANON__[:914]
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_getaddrinfoSocket::fake_getaddrinfo
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_getnameinfoSocket::fake_getnameinfo
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::fake_makeerrSocket::fake_makeerr
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_inSocket::sockaddr_in
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_in6Socket::sockaddr_in6
0	0	0	0s	0s	Socket::::sockaddr_unSocket::sockaddr_un

Call graph for these subroutines as a Graphviz dot language file.

Line	State ments	Time on line	Calls	Time in subs	Code
1					package Socket;
2
3	2	172µs	2	281µs	# spent 181µs (82+99) within Socket::BEGIN@3 which was called: # once (82µs+99µs) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 3 use strict; # spent 181µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@3 # spent 99µs making 1 call to strict::import
4	3	1.47ms	1	73µs	# spent 73µs within Socket::BEGIN@4 which was called: # once (73µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 4 { use 5.006001; } # spent 73µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@4
5
6	1	5µs			our $VERSION = '2.006';
7
8					=head1 NAME
9
10					C<Socket> - networking constants and support functions
11
12					=head1 SYNOPSIS
13
14					C<Socket> a low-level module used by, among other things, the L<IO::Socket>
15					family of modules. The following examples demonstrate some low-level uses but
16					a practical program would likely use the higher-level API provided by
17					C<IO::Socket> or similar instead.
18
19					use Socket qw(PF_INET SOCK_STREAM pack_sockaddr_in inet_aton);
20
21					socket(my $socket, PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)
22					or die "socket: $!";
23
24					my $port = getservbyname "echo", "tcp";
25					connect($socket, pack_sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton("localhost")))
26					or die "connect: $!";
27
28					print $socket "Hello, world!\n";
29					print <$socket>;
30
31					See also the L</EXAMPLES> section.
32
33					=head1 DESCRIPTION
34
35					This module provides a variety of constants, structure manipulators and other
36					functions related to socket-based networking. The values and functions
37					provided are useful when used in conjunction with Perl core functions such as
38					socket(), setsockopt() and bind(). It also provides several other support
39					functions, mostly for dealing with conversions of network addresses between
40					human-readable and native binary forms, and for hostname resolver operations.
41
42					Some constants and functions are exported by default by this module; but for
43					backward-compatibility any recently-added symbols are not exported by default
44					and must be requested explicitly. When an import list is provided to the
45					C<use Socket> line, the default exports are not automatically imported. It is
46					therefore best practice to always to explicitly list all the symbols required.
47
48					Also, some common socket "newline" constants are provided: the constants
49					C<CR>, C<LF>, and C<CRLF>, as well as C<$CR>, C<$LF>, and C<$CRLF>, which map
50					to C<\015>, C<\012>, and C<\015\012>. If you do not want to use the literal
51					characters in your programs, then use the constants provided here. They are
52					not exported by default, but can be imported individually, and with the
53					C<:crlf> export tag:
54
55					use Socket qw(:DEFAULT :crlf);
56
57					$sock->print("GET / HTTP/1.0$CRLF");
58
59					The entire getaddrinfo() subsystem can be exported using the tag C<:addrinfo>;
60					this exports the getaddrinfo() and getnameinfo() functions, and all the
61					C<AI_*>, C<NI_*>, C<NIx_*> and C<EAI_*> constants.
62
63					=cut
64
65					=head1 CONSTANTS
66
67					In each of the following groups, there may be many more constants provided
68					than just the ones given as examples in the section heading. If the heading
69					ends C<...> then this means there are likely more; the exact constants
70					provided will depend on the OS and headers found at compile-time.
71
72					=cut
73
74					=head2 PF_INET, PF_INET6, PF_UNIX, ...
75
76					Protocol family constants to use as the first argument to socket() or the
77					value of the C<SO_DOMAIN> or C<SO_FAMILY> socket option.
78
79					=head2 AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX, ...
80
81					Address family constants used by the socket address structures, to pass to
82					such functions as inet_pton() or getaddrinfo(), or are returned by such
83					functions as sockaddr_family().
84
85					=head2 SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM, SOCK_RAW, ...
86
87					Socket type constants to use as the second argument to socket(), or the value
88					of the C<SO_TYPE> socket option.
89
90					=head2 SOCK_NONBLOCK. SOCK_CLOEXEC
91
92					Linux-specific shortcuts to specify the C<O_NONBLOCK> and C<FD_CLOEXEC> flags
93					during a C<socket(2)> call.
94
95					socket( my $sockh, PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM|SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0 )
96
97					=head2 SOL_SOCKET
98
99					Socket option level constant for setsockopt() and getsockopt().
100
101					=head2 SO_ACCEPTCONN, SO_BROADCAST, SO_ERROR, ...
102
103					Socket option name constants for setsockopt() and getsockopt() at the
104					C<SOL_SOCKET> level.
105
106					=head2 IP_OPTIONS, IP_TOS, IP_TTL, ...
107
108					Socket option name constants for IPv4 socket options at the C<IPPROTO_IP>
109					level.
110
111					=head2 MSG_BCAST, MSG_OOB, MSG_TRUNC, ...
112
113					Message flag constants for send() and recv().
114
115					=head2 SHUT_RD, SHUT_RDWR, SHUT_WR
116
117					Direction constants for shutdown().
118
119					=head2 INADDR_ANY, INADDR_BROADCAST, INADDR_LOOPBACK, INADDR_NONE
120
121					Constants giving the special C<AF_INET> addresses for wildcard, broadcast,
122					local loopback, and invalid addresses.
123
124					Normally equivalent to inet_aton('0.0.0.0'), inet_aton('255.255.255.255'),
125					inet_aton('localhost') and inet_aton('255.255.255.255') respectively.
126
127					=head2 IPPROTO_IP, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPPROTO_TCP, ...
128
129					IP protocol constants to use as the third argument to socket(), the level
130					argument to getsockopt() or setsockopt(), or the value of the C<SO_PROTOCOL>
131					socket option.
132
133					=head2 TCP_CORK, TCP_KEEPALIVE, TCP_NODELAY, ...
134
135					Socket option name constants for TCP socket options at the C<IPPROTO_TCP>
136					level.
137
138					=head2 IN6ADDR_ANY, IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
139
140					Constants giving the special C<AF_INET6> addresses for wildcard and local
141					loopback.
142
143					Normally equivalent to inet_pton(AF_INET6, "::") and
144					inet_pton(AF_INET6, "::1") respectively.
145
146					=head2 IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP, IPV6_MTU, IPV6_V6ONLY, ...
147
148					Socket option name constants for IPv6 socket options at the C<IPPROTO_IPV6>
149					level.
150
151					=cut
152
153					# Still undocumented: SCM_*, SOMAXCONN, IOV_MAX, UIO_MAXIOV
154
155					=head1 STRUCTURE MANIPULATORS
156
157					The following functions convert between lists of Perl values and packed binary
158					strings representing structures.
159
160					=cut
161
162					=head2 $family = sockaddr_family $sockaddr
163
164					Takes a packed socket address (as returned by pack_sockaddr_in(),
165					pack_sockaddr_un() or the perl builtin functions getsockname() and
166					getpeername()). Returns the address family tag. This will be one of the
167					C<AF_*> constants, such as C<AF_INET> for a C<sockaddr_in> addresses or
168					C<AF_UNIX> for a C<sockaddr_un>. It can be used to figure out what unpack to
169					use for a sockaddr of unknown type.
170
171					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
172
173					Takes two arguments, a port number and an opaque string (as returned by
174					inet_aton(), or a v-string). Returns the C<sockaddr_in> structure with those
175					arguments packed in and C<AF_INET> filled in. For Internet domain sockets,
176					this structure is normally what you need for the arguments in bind(),
177					connect(), and send().
178
179					=head2 ($port, $ip_address) = unpack_sockaddr_in $sockaddr
180
181					Takes a C<sockaddr_in> structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_in(),
182					getpeername() or recv()). Returns a list of two elements: the port and an
183					opaque string representing the IP address (you can use inet_ntoa() to convert
184					the address to the four-dotted numeric format). Will croak if the structure
185					does not represent an C<AF_INET> address.
186
187					In scalar context will return just the IP address.
188
189					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_in $port, $ip_address
190
191					=head2 ($port, $ip_address) = sockaddr_in $sockaddr
192
193					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_in() or unpack_sockaddr_in(). In list context,
194					unpacks its argument and returns a list consisting of the port and IP address.
195					In scalar context, packs its port and IP address arguments as a C<sockaddr_in>
196					and returns it.
197
198					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
199					pack_sockaddr_in() or unpack_sockaddr_in() explicitly.
200
201					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
202
203					Takes two to four arguments, a port number, an opaque string (as returned by
204					inet_pton()), optionally a scope ID number, and optionally a flow label
205					number. Returns the C<sockaddr_in6> structure with those arguments packed in
206					and C<AF_INET6> filled in. IPv6 equivalent of pack_sockaddr_in().
207
208					=head2 ($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = unpack_sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
209
210					Takes a C<sockaddr_in6> structure. Returns a list of four elements: the port
211					number, an opaque string representing the IPv6 address, the scope ID, and the
212					flow label. (You can use inet_ntop() to convert the address to the usual
213					string format). Will croak if the structure does not represent an C<AF_INET6>
214					address.
215
216					In scalar context will return just the IP address.
217
218					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_in6 $port, $ip6_address, [$scope_id, [$flowinfo]]
219
220					=head2 ($port, $ip6_address, $scope_id, $flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6 $sockaddr
221
222					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_in6() or unpack_sockaddr_in6(). In list context,
223					unpacks its argument according to unpack_sockaddr_in6(). In scalar context,
224					packs its arguments according to pack_sockaddr_in6().
225
226					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
227					pack_sockaddr_in6() or unpack_sockaddr_in6() explicitly.
228
229					=head2 $sockaddr = pack_sockaddr_un $path
230
231					Takes one argument, a pathname. Returns the C<sockaddr_un> structure with that
232					path packed in with C<AF_UNIX> filled in. For C<PF_UNIX> sockets, this
233					structure is normally what you need for the arguments in bind(), connect(),
234					and send().
235
236					=head2 ($path) = unpack_sockaddr_un $sockaddr
237
238					Takes a C<sockaddr_un> structure (as returned by pack_sockaddr_un(),
239					getpeername() or recv()). Returns a list of one element: the pathname. Will
240					croak if the structure does not represent an C<AF_UNIX> address.
241
242					=head2 $sockaddr = sockaddr_un $path
243
244					=head2 ($path) = sockaddr_un $sockaddr
245
246					A wrapper of pack_sockaddr_un() or unpack_sockaddr_un(). In a list context,
247					unpacks its argument and returns a list consisting of the pathname. In a
248					scalar context, packs its pathname as a C<sockaddr_un> and returns it.
249
250					Provided largely for legacy compatibility; it is better to use
251					pack_sockaddr_un() or unpack_sockaddr_un() explicitly.
252
253					These are only supported if your system has E<lt>F<sys/un.h>E<gt>.
254
255					=head2 $ip_mreq = pack_ip_mreq $multiaddr, $interface
256
257					Takes an IPv4 multicast address and optionally an interface address (or
258					C<INADDR_ANY>). Returns the C<ip_mreq> structure with those arguments packed
259					in. Suitable for use with the C<IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP> and C<IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP>
260					sockopts.
261
262					=head2 ($multiaddr, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq $ip_mreq
263
264					Takes an C<ip_mreq> structure. Returns a list of two elements; the IPv4
265					multicast address and interface address.
266
267					=head2 $ip_mreq_source = pack_ip_mreq_source $multiaddr, $source, $interface
268
269					Takes an IPv4 multicast address, source address, and optionally an interface
270					address (or C<INADDR_ANY>). Returns the C<ip_mreq_source> structure with those
271					arguments packed in. Suitable for use with the C<IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP>
272					and C<IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP> sockopts.
273
274					=head2 ($multiaddr, $source, $interface) = unpack_ip_mreq_source $ip_mreq
275
276					Takes an C<ip_mreq_source> structure. Returns a list of three elements; the
277					IPv4 multicast address, source address and interface address.
278
279					=head2 $ipv6_mreq = pack_ipv6_mreq $multiaddr6, $ifindex
280
281					Takes an IPv6 multicast address and an interface number. Returns the
282					C<ipv6_mreq> structure with those arguments packed in. Suitable for use with
283					the C<IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP> and C<IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP> sockopts.
284
285					=head2 ($multiaddr6, $ifindex) = unpack_ipv6_mreq $ipv6_mreq
286
287					Takes an C<ipv6_mreq> structure. Returns a list of two elements; the IPv6
288					address and an interface number.
289
290					=cut
291
292					=head1 FUNCTIONS
293
294					=cut
295
296					=head2 $ip_address = inet_aton $string
297
298					Takes a string giving the name of a host, or a textual representation of an IP
299					address and translates that to an packed binary address structure suitable to
300					pass to pack_sockaddr_in(). If passed a hostname that cannot be resolved,
301					returns C<undef>. For multi-homed hosts (hosts with more than one address),
302					the first address found is returned.
303
304					For portability do not assume that the result of inet_aton() is 32 bits wide,
305					in other words, that it would contain only the IPv4 address in network order.
306
307					This IPv4-only function is provided largely for legacy reasons. Newly-written
308					code should use getaddrinfo() or inet_pton() instead for IPv6 support.
309
310					=head2 $string = inet_ntoa $ip_address
311
312					Takes a packed binary address structure such as returned by
313					unpack_sockaddr_in() (or a v-string representing the four octets of the IPv4
314					address in network order) and translates it into a string of the form
315					C<d.d.d.d> where the C<d>s are numbers less than 256 (the normal
316					human-readable four dotted number notation for Internet addresses).
317
318					This IPv4-only function is provided largely for legacy reasons. Newly-written
319					code should use getnameinfo() or inet_ntop() instead for IPv6 support.
320
321					=head2 $address = inet_pton $family, $string
322
323					Takes an address family (such as C<AF_INET> or C<AF_INET6>) and a string
324					containing a textual representation of an address in that family and
325					translates that to an packed binary address structure.
326
327					See also getaddrinfo() for a more powerful and flexible function to look up
328					socket addresses given hostnames or textual addresses.
329
330					=head2 $string = inet_ntop $family, $address
331
332					Takes an address family and a packed binary address structure and translates
333					it into a human-readable textual representation of the address; typically in
334					C<d.d.d.d> form for C<AF_INET> or C<hhhh:hhhh::hhhh> form for C<AF_INET6>.
335
336					See also getnameinfo() for a more powerful and flexible function to turn
337					socket addresses into human-readable textual representations.
338
339					=head2 ($err, @result) = getaddrinfo $host, $service, [$hints]
340
341					Given both a hostname and service name, this function attempts to resolve the
342					host name into a list of network addresses, and the service name into a
343					protocol and port number, and then returns a list of address structures
344					suitable to connect() to it.
345
346					Given just a host name, this function attempts to resolve it to a list of
347					network addresses, and then returns a list of address structures giving these
348					addresses.
349
350					Given just a service name, this function attempts to resolve it to a protocol
351					and port number, and then returns a list of address structures that represent
352					it suitable to bind() to. This use should be combined with the C<AI_PASSIVE>
353					flag; see below.
354
355					Given neither name, it generates an error.
356
357					If present, $hints should be a reference to a hash, where the following keys
358					are recognised:
359
360					=over 4
361
362					=item flags => INT
363
364					A bitfield containing C<AI_*> constants; see below.
365
366					=item family => INT
367
368					Restrict to only generating addresses in this address family
369
370					=item socktype => INT
371
372					Restrict to only generating addresses of this socket type
373
374					=item protocol => INT
375
376					Restrict to only generating addresses for this protocol
377
378					=back
379
380					The return value will be a list; the first value being an error indication,
381					followed by a list of address structures (if no error occurred).
382
383					The error value will be a dualvar; comparable to the C<EI_*> error constants,
384					or printable as a human-readable error message string. If no error occurred it
385					will be zero numerically and an empty string.
386
387					Each value in the results list will be a hash reference containing the following
388					fields:
389
390					=over 4
391
392					=item family => INT
393
394					The address family (e.g. C<AF_INET>)
395
396					=item socktype => INT
397
398					The socket type (e.g. C<SOCK_STREAM>)
399
400					=item protocol => INT
401
402					The protocol (e.g. C<IPPROTO_TCP>)
403
404					=item addr => STRING
405
406					The address in a packed string (such as would be returned by
407					pack_sockaddr_in())
408
409					=item canonname => STRING
410
411					The canonical name for the host if the C<AI_CANONNAME> flag was provided, or
412					C<undef> otherwise. This field will only be present on the first returned
413					address.
414
415					=back
416
417					The following flag constants are recognised in the $hints hash. Other flag
418					constants may exist as provided by the OS.
419
420					=over 4
421
422					=item AI_PASSIVE
423
424					Indicates that this resolution is for a local bind() for a passive (i.e.
425					listening) socket, rather than an active (i.e. connecting) socket.
426
427					=item AI_CANONNAME
428
429					Indicates that the caller wishes the canonical hostname (C<canonname>) field
430					of the result to be filled in.
431
432					=item AI_NUMERICHOST
433
434					Indicates that the caller will pass a numeric address, rather than a hostname,
435					and that getaddrinfo() must not perform a resolve operation on this name. This
436					flag will prevent a possibly-slow network lookup operation, and instead return
437					an error if a hostname is passed.
438
439					=back
440
441					=head2 ($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo $sockaddr, [$flags, [$xflags]]
442
443					Given a packed socket address (such as from getsockname(), getpeername(), or
444					returned by getaddrinfo() in a C<addr> field), returns the hostname and
445					symbolic service name it represents. $flags may be a bitmask of C<NI_*>
446					constants, or defaults to 0 if unspecified.
447
448					The return value will be a list; the first value being an error condition,
449					followed by the hostname and service name.
450
451					The error value will be a dualvar; comparable to the C<EI_*> error constants,
452					or printable as a human-readable error message string. The host and service
453					names will be plain strings.
454
455					The following flag constants are recognised as $flags. Other flag constants may
456					exist as provided by the OS.
457
458					=over 4
459
460					=item NI_NUMERICHOST
461
462					Requests that a human-readable string representation of the numeric address be
463					returned directly, rather than performing a name resolve operation that may
464					convert it into a hostname. This will also avoid potentially-blocking network
465					IO.
466
467					=item NI_NUMERICSERV
468
469					Requests that the port number be returned directly as a number representation
470					rather than performing a name resolve operation that may convert it into a
471					service name.
472
473					=item NI_NAMEREQD
474
475					If a name resolve operation fails to provide a name, then this flag will cause
476					getnameinfo() to indicate an error, rather than returning the numeric
477					representation as a human-readable string.
478
479					=item NI_DGRAM
480
481					Indicates that the socket address relates to a C<SOCK_DGRAM> socket, for the
482					services whose name differs between TCP and UDP protocols.
483
484					=back
485
486					The following constants may be supplied as $xflags.
487
488					=over 4
489
490					=item NIx_NOHOST
491
492					Indicates that the caller is not interested in the hostname of the result, so
493					it does not have to be converted. C<undef> will be returned as the hostname.
494
495					=item NIx_NOSERV
496
497					Indicates that the caller is not interested in the service name of the result,
498					so it does not have to be converted. C<undef> will be returned as the service
499					name.
500
501					=back
502
503					=head1 getaddrinfo() / getnameinfo() ERROR CONSTANTS
504
505					The following constants may be returned by getaddrinfo() or getnameinfo().
506					Others may be provided by the OS.
507
508					=over 4
509
510					=item EAI_AGAIN
511
512					A temporary failure occurred during name resolution. The operation may be
513					successful if it is retried later.
514
515					=item EAI_BADFLAGS
516
517					The value of the C<flags> hint to getaddrinfo(), or the $flags parameter to
518					getnameinfo() contains unrecognised flags.
519
520					=item EAI_FAMILY
521
522					The C<family> hint to getaddrinfo(), or the family of the socket address
523					passed to getnameinfo() is not supported.
524
525					=item EAI_NODATA
526
527					The host name supplied to getaddrinfo() did not provide any usable address
528					data.
529
530					=item EAI_NONAME
531
532					The host name supplied to getaddrinfo() does not exist, or the address
533					supplied to getnameinfo() is not associated with a host name and the
534					C<NI_NAMEREQD> flag was supplied.
535
536					=item EAI_SERVICE
537
538					The service name supplied to getaddrinfo() is not available for the socket
539					type given in the $hints.
540
541					=back
542
543					=cut
544
545					=head1 EXAMPLES
546
547					=head2 Lookup for connect()
548
549					The getaddrinfo() function converts a hostname and a service name into a list
550					of structures, each containing a potential way to connect() to the named
551					service on the named host.
552
553					use IO::Socket;
554					use Socket qw(SOCK_STREAM getaddrinfo);
555
556					my %hints = (socktype => SOCK_STREAM);
557					my ($err, @res) = getaddrinfo("localhost", "echo", \%hints);
558					die "Cannot getaddrinfo - $err" if $err;
559
560					my $sock;
561
562					foreach my $ai (@res) {
563					my $candidate = IO::Socket->new();
564
565					$candidate->socket($ai->{family}, $ai->{socktype}, $ai->{protocol})
566					or next;
567
568					$candidate->connect($ai->{addr})
569					or next;
570
571					$sock = $candidate;
572					last;
573					}
574
575					die "Cannot connect to localhost:echo" unless $sock;
576
577					$sock->print("Hello, world!\n");
578					print <$sock>;
579
580					Because a list of potential candidates is returned, the C<while> loop tries
581					each in turn until it it finds one that succeeds both the socket() and
582					connect() calls.
583
584					This function performs the work of the legacy functions gethostbyname(),
585					getservbyname(), inet_aton() and pack_sockaddr_in().
586
587					In practice this logic is better performed by L<IO::Socket::IP>.
588
589					=head2 Making a human-readable string out of an address
590
591					The getnameinfo() function converts a socket address, such as returned by
592					getsockname() or getpeername(), into a pair of human-readable strings
593					representing the address and service name.
594
595					use IO::Socket::IP;
596					use Socket qw(getnameinfo);
597
598					my $server = IO::Socket::IP->new(LocalPort => 12345, Listen => 1) or
599					die "Cannot listen - $@";
600
601					my $socket = $server->accept or die "accept: $!";
602
603					my ($err, $hostname, $servicename) = getnameinfo($socket->peername);
604					die "Cannot getnameinfo - $err" if $err;
605
606					print "The peer is connected from $hostname\n";
607
608					Since in this example only the hostname was used, the redundant conversion of
609					the port number into a service name may be omitted by passing the
610					C<NIx_NOSERV> flag.
611
612					use Socket qw(getnameinfo NIx_NOSERV);
613
614					my ($err, $hostname) = getnameinfo($socket->peername, 0, NIx_NOSERV);
615
616					This function performs the work of the legacy functions unpack_sockaddr_in(),
617					inet_ntoa(), gethostbyaddr() and getservbyport().
618
619					In practice this logic is better performed by L<IO::Socket::IP>.
620
621					=head2 Resolving hostnames into IP addresses
622
623					To turn a hostname into a human-readable plain IP address use getaddrinfo()
624					to turn the hostname into a list of socket structures, then getnameinfo() on
625					each one to make it a readable IP address again.
626
627					use Socket qw(:addrinfo SOCK_RAW);
628
629					my ($err, @res) = getaddrinfo($hostname, "", {socktype => SOCK_RAW});
630					die "Cannot getaddrinfo - $err" if $err;
631
632					while( my $ai = shift @res ) {
633					my ($err, $ipaddr) = getnameinfo($ai->{addr}, NI_NUMERICHOST, NIx_NOSERV);
634					die "Cannot getnameinfo - $err" if $err;
635
636					print "$ipaddr\n";
637					}
638
639					The C<socktype> hint to getaddrinfo() filters the results to only include one
640					socket type and protocol. Without this most OSes return three combinations,
641					for C<SOCK_STREAM>, C<SOCK_DGRAM> and C<SOCK_RAW>, resulting in triplicate
642					output of addresses. The C<NI_NUMERICHOST> flag to getnameinfo() causes it to
643					return a string-formatted plain IP address, rather than reverse resolving it
644					back into a hostname.
645
646					This combination performs the work of the legacy functions gethostbyname()
647					and inet_ntoa().
648
649					=head2 Accessing socket options
650
651					The many C<SO_*> and other constants provide the socket option names for
652					getsockopt() and setsockopt().
653
654					use IO::Socket::INET;
655					use Socket qw(SOL_SOCKET SO_RCVBUF IPPROTO_IP IP_TTL);
656
657					my $socket = IO::Socket::INET->new(LocalPort => 0, Proto => 'udp')
658					or die "Cannot create socket: $@";
659
660					$socket->setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 64*1024) or
661					die "setsockopt: $!";
662
663					print "Receive buffer is ", $socket->getsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF),
664					" bytes\n";
665
666					print "IP TTL is ", $socket->getsockopt(IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL), "\n";
667
668					As a convenience, L<IO::Socket>'s setsockopt() method will convert a number
669					into a packed byte buffer, and getsockopt() will unpack a byte buffer of the
670					correct size back into a number.
671
672					=cut
673
674					=head1 AUTHOR
675
676					This module was originally maintained in Perl core by the Perl 5 Porters.
677
678					It was extracted to dual-life on CPAN at version 1.95 by
679					Paul Evans <leonerd@leonerd.org.uk>
680
681					=cut
682
683	2	159µs	2	610µs	# spent 340µs (69+271) within Socket::BEGIN@683 which was called: # once (69µs+271µs) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 683 use Carp; # spent 340µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@683 # spent 271µs making 1 call to Exporter::import
684	2	1.89ms	2	1.32ms	# spent 689µs (54+635) within Socket::BEGIN@684 which was called: # once (54µs+635µs) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 684 use warnings::register; # spent 689µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@684 # spent 635µs making 1 call to warnings::register::import
685
686	1	4µs			require Exporter;
687	1	2µs			require XSLoader;
688	1	39µs			our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
689
690					# <@Nicholas> you can't change @EXPORT without breaking the implicit API
691					# Please put any new constants in @EXPORT_OK!
692
693					# List re-ordered to match documentation above. Try to keep the ordering
694					# consistent so it's easier to see which ones are or aren't documented.
695	1	116µs			our @EXPORT = qw(
696					PF_802 PF_AAL PF_APPLETALK PF_CCITT PF_CHAOS PF_CTF PF_DATAKIT
697					PF_DECnet PF_DLI PF_ECMA PF_GOSIP PF_HYLINK PF_IMPLINK PF_INET PF_INET6
698					PF_ISO PF_KEY PF_LAST PF_LAT PF_LINK PF_MAX PF_NBS PF_NIT PF_NS PF_OSI
699					PF_OSINET PF_PUP PF_ROUTE PF_SNA PF_UNIX PF_UNSPEC PF_USER PF_WAN
700					PF_X25
701
702					AF_802 AF_AAL AF_APPLETALK AF_CCITT AF_CHAOS AF_CTF AF_DATAKIT
703					AF_DECnet AF_DLI AF_ECMA AF_GOSIP AF_HYLINK AF_IMPLINK AF_INET AF_INET6
704					AF_ISO AF_KEY AF_LAST AF_LAT AF_LINK AF_MAX AF_NBS AF_NIT AF_NS AF_OSI
705					AF_OSINET AF_PUP AF_ROUTE AF_SNA AF_UNIX AF_UNSPEC AF_USER AF_WAN
706					AF_X25
707
708					SOCK_DGRAM SOCK_RAW SOCK_RDM SOCK_SEQPACKET SOCK_STREAM
709
710					SOL_SOCKET
711
712					SO_ACCEPTCONN SO_ATTACH_FILTER SO_BACKLOG SO_BROADCAST SO_CHAMELEON
713					SO_DEBUG SO_DETACH_FILTER SO_DGRAM_ERRIND SO_DOMAIN SO_DONTLINGER
714					SO_DONTROUTE SO_ERROR SO_FAMILY SO_KEEPALIVE SO_LINGER SO_OOBINLINE
715					SO_PASSCRED SO_PASSIFNAME SO_PEERCRED SO_PROTOCOL SO_PROTOTYPE
716					SO_RCVBUF SO_RCVLOWAT SO_RCVTIMEO SO_REUSEADDR SO_REUSEPORT
717					SO_SECURITY_AUTHENTICATION SO_SECURITY_ENCRYPTION_NETWORK
718					SO_SECURITY_ENCRYPTION_TRANSPORT SO_SNDBUF SO_SNDLOWAT SO_SNDTIMEO
719					SO_STATE SO_TYPE SO_USELOOPBACK SO_XOPEN SO_XSE
720
721					IP_OPTIONS IP_HDRINCL IP_TOS IP_TTL IP_RECVOPTS IP_RECVRETOPTS
722					IP_RETOPTS
723
724					MSG_BCAST MSG_BTAG MSG_CTLFLAGS MSG_CTLIGNORE MSG_CTRUNC MSG_DONTROUTE
725					MSG_DONTWAIT MSG_EOF MSG_EOR MSG_ERRQUEUE MSG_ETAG MSG_FIN
726					MSG_MAXIOVLEN MSG_MCAST MSG_NOSIGNAL MSG_OOB MSG_PEEK MSG_PROXY MSG_RST
727					MSG_SYN MSG_TRUNC MSG_URG MSG_WAITALL MSG_WIRE
728
729					SHUT_RD SHUT_RDWR SHUT_WR
730
731					INADDR_ANY INADDR_BROADCAST INADDR_LOOPBACK INADDR_NONE
732
733					SCM_CONNECT SCM_CREDENTIALS SCM_CREDS SCM_RIGHTS SCM_TIMESTAMP
734
735					SOMAXCONN
736
737					IOV_MAX
738					UIO_MAXIOV
739
740					sockaddr_family
741					pack_sockaddr_in unpack_sockaddr_in sockaddr_in
742					pack_sockaddr_in6 unpack_sockaddr_in6 sockaddr_in6
743					pack_sockaddr_un unpack_sockaddr_un sockaddr_un
744
745					inet_aton inet_ntoa
746					);
747
748					# List re-ordered to match documentation above. Try to keep the ordering
749					# consistent so it's easier to see which ones are or aren't documented.
750	1	73µs			our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
751					CR LF CRLF $CR $LF $CRLF
752
753					SOCK_NONBLOCK SOCK_CLOEXEC
754
755					IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP IP_ADD_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP
756					IP_DROP_SOURCE_MEMBERSHIP IP_MULTICAST_IF IP_MULTICAST_LOOP
757					IP_MULTICAST_TTL
758
759					IPPROTO_IP IPPROTO_IPV6 IPPROTO_RAW IPPROTO_ICMP IPPROTO_TCP
760					IPPROTO_UDP
761
762					TCP_CONGESTION TCP_CONNECTIONTIMEOUT TCP_CORK TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT TCP_INFO
763					TCP_INIT_CWND TCP_KEEPALIVE TCP_KEEPCNT TCP_KEEPIDLE TCP_KEEPINTVL
764					TCP_LINGER2 TCP_MAXRT TCP_MAXSEG TCP_MD5SIG TCP_NODELAY TCP_NOOPT
765					TCP_NOPUSH TCP_QUICKACK TCP_SACK_ENABLE TCP_STDURG TCP_SYNCNT
766					TCP_WINDOW_CLAMP
767
768					IN6ADDR_ANY IN6ADDR_LOOPBACK
769
770					IPV6_ADD_MEMBERSHIP IPV6_DROP_MEMBERSHIP IPV6_JOIN_GROUP
771					IPV6_LEAVE_GROUP IPV6_MTU IPV6_MTU_DISCOVER IPV6_MULTICAST_HOPS
772					IPV6_MULTICAST_IF IPV6_MULTICAST_LOOP IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS IPV6_V6ONLY
773
774					pack_ip_mreq unpack_ip_mreq pack_ip_mreq_source unpack_ip_mreq_source
775
776					pack_ipv6_mreq unpack_ipv6_mreq
777
778					inet_pton inet_ntop
779
780					getaddrinfo getnameinfo
781
782					AI_ADDRCONFIG AI_ALL AI_CANONIDN AI_CANONNAME AI_IDN
783					AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES AI_NUMERICHOST
784					AI_NUMERICSERV AI_PASSIVE AI_V4MAPPED
785
786					NI_DGRAM NI_IDN NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES
787					NI_NAMEREQD NI_NOFQDN NI_NUMERICHOST NI_NUMERICSERV
788
789					NIx_NOHOST NIx_NOSERV
790
791					EAI_ADDRFAMILY EAI_AGAIN EAI_BADFLAGS EAI_BADHINTS EAI_FAIL EAI_FAMILY
792					EAI_NODATA EAI_NONAME EAI_PROTOCOL EAI_SERVICE EAI_SOCKTYPE EAI_SYSTEM
793					);
794
795	1	1.56ms	99	342µs	our %EXPORT_TAGS = ( # spent 342µs making 99 calls to Socket::CORE:match, avg 3µs/call
796					crlf => [qw(CR LF CRLF $CR $LF $CRLF)],
797					addrinfo => [qw(getaddrinfo getnameinfo), grep m/^(?:AI|NI|NIx|EAI)_/, @EXPORT_OK],
798					all => [@EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK],
799					);
800
801	1	77µs			# spent 27µs within Socket::BEGIN@801 which was called: # once (27µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 810 BEGIN {
802					sub CR () {"\015"}
803					sub LF () {"\012"}
804					sub CRLF () {"\015\012"}
805
806					# These are not gni() constants; they're extensions for the perl API
807					# The definitions in Socket.pm and Socket.xs must match
808					sub NIx_NOHOST() {1 << 0}
809					sub NIx_NOSERV() {1 << 1}
810	1	2.29ms	1	27µs	} # spent 27µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@801
811
812	1	4µs			*CR = \CR();
813	1	1µs			*LF = \LF();
814	1	1µs			*CRLF = \CRLF();
815
816					sub sockaddr_in {
817					if (@_ == 6 && !wantarray) { # perl5.001m compat; use this && die
818					my($af, $port, @quad) = @_;
819					warnings::warn "6-ARG sockaddr_in call is deprecated"
820					if warnings::enabled();
821					pack_sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton(join('.', @quad)));
822					} elsif (wantarray) {
823					croak "usage: (port,iaddr) = sockaddr_in(sin_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
824					unpack_sockaddr_in(@_);
825					} else {
826					croak "usage: sin_sv = sockaddr_in(port,iaddr))" unless @_ == 2;
827					pack_sockaddr_in(@_);
828					}
829					}
830
831					sub sockaddr_in6 {
832					if (wantarray) {
833					croak "usage: (port,in6addr,scope_id,flowinfo) = sockaddr_in6(sin6_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
834					unpack_sockaddr_in6(@_);
835					}
836					else {
837					croak "usage: sin6_sv = sockaddr_in6(port,in6addr,[scope_id,[flowinfo]])" unless @_ >= 2 and @_ <= 4;
838					pack_sockaddr_in6(@_);
839					}
840					}
841
842					sub sockaddr_un {
843					if (wantarray) {
844					croak "usage: (filename) = sockaddr_un(sun_sv)" unless @_ == 1;
845					unpack_sockaddr_un(@_);
846					} else {
847					croak "usage: sun_sv = sockaddr_un(filename)" unless @_ == 1;
848					pack_sockaddr_un(@_);
849					}
850					}
851
852	1	15.7ms	1	15.7ms	XSLoader::load(__PACKAGE__, $VERSION); # spent 15.7ms making 1 call to XSLoader::load
853
854	1	2µs			my %errstr;
855
856	1	7µs			if( defined &getaddrinfo ) {
857					# These are not part of the API, nothing uses them, and deleting them
858					# reduces the size of %Socket:: by about 12K
859	1	7µs			delete $Socket::{fake_getaddrinfo};
860	1	4µs			delete $Socket::{fake_getnameinfo};
861					} else {
862					require Scalar::Util;
863
864					*getaddrinfo = \&fake_getaddrinfo;
865					*getnameinfo = \&fake_getnameinfo;
866
867					# These numbers borrowed from GNU libc's implementation, but since
868					# they're only used by our emulation, it doesn't matter if the real
869					# platform's values differ
870					my %constants = (
871					AI_PASSIVE => 1,
872					AI_CANONNAME => 2,
873					AI_NUMERICHOST => 4,
874					AI_V4MAPPED => 8,
875					AI_ALL => 16,
876					AI_ADDRCONFIG => 32,
877					# RFC 2553 doesn't define this but Linux does - lets be nice and
878					# provide it since we can
879					AI_NUMERICSERV => 1024,
880
881					EAI_BADFLAGS => -1,
882					EAI_NONAME => -2,
883					EAI_NODATA => -5,
884					EAI_FAMILY => -6,
885					EAI_SERVICE => -8,
886
887					NI_NUMERICHOST => 1,
888					NI_NUMERICSERV => 2,
889					NI_NOFQDN => 4,
890					NI_NAMEREQD => 8,
891					NI_DGRAM => 16,
892
893					# Constants we don't support. Export them, but croak if anyone tries to
894					# use them
895					AI_IDN => 64,
896					AI_CANONIDN => 128,
897					AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED => 256,
898					AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES => 512,
899					NI_IDN => 32,
900					NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED => 64,
901					NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES => 128,
902
903					# Error constants we'll never return, so it doesn't matter what value
904					# these have, nor that we don't provide strings for them
905					EAI_SYSTEM => -11,
906					EAI_BADHINTS => -1000,
907					EAI_PROTOCOL => -1001
908					);
909
910					foreach my $name ( keys %constants ) {
911					my $value = $constants{$name};
912
913	2	6.45ms	2	242µs	# spent 151µs (60+91) within Socket::BEGIN@913 which was called: # once (60µs+91µs) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 913 no strict 'refs'; # spent 151µs making 1 call to Socket::BEGIN@913 # spent 91µs making 1 call to strict::unimport
914					defined &$name or *$name = sub () { $value };
915					}
916
917					%errstr = (
918					# These strings from RFC 2553
919					EAI_BADFLAGS() => "invalid value for ai_flags",
920					EAI_NONAME() => "nodename nor servname provided, or not known",
921					EAI_NODATA() => "no address associated with nodename",
922					EAI_FAMILY() => "ai_family not supported",
923					EAI_SERVICE() => "servname not supported for ai_socktype",
924					);
925					}
926
927					# The following functions are used if the system does not have a
928					# getaddrinfo(3) function in libc; and are used to emulate it for the AF_INET
929					# family
930
931					# Borrowed from Regexp::Common::net
932	1	53µs	1	21µs	my $REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL = qr/25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|1?[0-9][0-9]{1,2}/; # spent 21µs making 1 call to Socket::CORE:qr
933	1	295µs	2	246µs	my $REGEXP_IPv4_DOTTEDQUAD = qr/$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL\.$REGEXP_IPv4_DECIMAL/; # spent 236µs making 1 call to Socket::CORE:regcomp # spent 10µs making 1 call to Socket::CORE:qr
934
935					sub fake_makeerr
936					{
937					my ( $errno ) = @_;
938					my $errstr = $errno == 0 ? "" : ( $errstr{$errno} || $errno );
939					return Scalar::Util::dualvar( $errno, $errstr );
940					}
941
942					sub fake_getaddrinfo
943					{
944					my ( $node, $service, $hints ) = @_;
945
946					$node = "" unless defined $node;
947
948					$service = "" unless defined $service;
949
950					my ( $family, $socktype, $protocol, $flags ) = @$hints{qw( family socktype protocol flags )};
951
952					$family ||= Socket::AF_INET(); # 0 == AF_UNSPEC, which we want too
953					$family == Socket::AF_INET() or return fake_makeerr( EAI_FAMILY() );
954
955					$socktype ||= 0;
956
957					$protocol ||= 0;
958
959					$flags ||= 0;
960
961					my $flag_passive = $flags & AI_PASSIVE(); $flags &= ~AI_PASSIVE();
962					my $flag_canonname = $flags & AI_CANONNAME(); $flags &= ~AI_CANONNAME();
963					my $flag_numerichost = $flags & AI_NUMERICHOST(); $flags &= ~AI_NUMERICHOST();
964					my $flag_numericserv = $flags & AI_NUMERICSERV(); $flags &= ~AI_NUMERICSERV();
965
966					# These constants don't apply to AF_INET-only lookups, so we might as well
967					# just ignore them. For AI_ADDRCONFIG we just presume the host has ability
968					# to talk AF_INET. If not we'd have to return no addresses at all. :)
969					$flags &= ~(AI_V4MAPPED()|AI_ALL()|AI_ADDRCONFIG());
970
971					$flags & (AI_IDN()|AI_CANONIDN()|AI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED()|AI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES()) and
972					croak "Socket::getaddrinfo() does not support IDN";
973
974					$flags == 0 or return fake_makeerr( EAI_BADFLAGS() );
975
976					$node eq "" and $service eq "" and return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() );
977
978					my $canonname;
979					my @addrs;
980					if( $node ne "" ) {
981					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if( $flag_numerichost and $node !~ m/^$REGEXP_IPv4_DOTTEDQUAD$/ );
982					( $canonname, undef, undef, undef, @addrs ) = gethostbyname( $node );
983					defined $canonname or return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() );
984
985					undef $canonname unless $flag_canonname;
986					}
987					else {
988					$addrs[0] = $flag_passive ? Socket::inet_aton( "0.0.0.0" )
989					: Socket::inet_aton( "127.0.0.1" );
990					}
991
992					my @ports; # Actually ARRAYrefs of [ socktype, protocol, port ]
993					my $protname = "";
994					if( $protocol ) {
995					$protname = getprotobynumber( $protocol );
996					}
997
998					if( $service ne "" and $service !~ m/^\d+$/ ) {
999					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if( $flag_numericserv );
1000					getservbyname( $service, $protname ) or return fake_makeerr( EAI_SERVICE() );
1001					}
1002
1003					foreach my $this_socktype ( Socket::SOCK_STREAM(), Socket::SOCK_DGRAM(), Socket::SOCK_RAW() ) {
1004					next if $socktype and $this_socktype != $socktype;
1005
1006					my $this_protname = "raw";
1007					$this_socktype == Socket::SOCK_STREAM() and $this_protname = "tcp";
1008					$this_socktype == Socket::SOCK_DGRAM() and $this_protname = "udp";
1009
1010					next if $protname and $this_protname ne $protname;
1011
1012					my $port;
1013					if( $service ne "" ) {
1014					if( $service =~ m/^\d+$/ ) {
1015					$port = "$service";
1016					}
1017					else {
1018					( undef, undef, $port, $this_protname ) = getservbyname( $service, $this_protname );
1019					next unless defined $port;
1020					}
1021					}
1022					else {
1023					$port = 0;
1024					}
1025
1026					push @ports, [ $this_socktype, scalar getprotobyname( $this_protname ) || 0, $port ];
1027					}
1028
1029					my @ret;
1030					foreach my $addr ( @addrs ) {
1031					foreach my $portspec ( @ports ) {
1032					my ( $socktype, $protocol, $port ) = @$portspec;
1033					push @ret, {
1034					family => $family,
1035					socktype => $socktype,
1036					protocol => $protocol,
1037					addr => Socket::pack_sockaddr_in( $port, $addr ),
1038					canonname => undef,
1039					};
1040					}
1041					}
1042
1043					# Only supply canonname for the first result
1044					if( defined $canonname ) {
1045					$ret[0]->{canonname} = $canonname;
1046					}
1047
1048					return ( fake_makeerr( 0 ), @ret );
1049					}
1050
1051					sub fake_getnameinfo
1052					{
1053					my ( $addr, $flags, $xflags ) = @_;
1054
1055					my ( $port, $inetaddr );
1056					eval { ( $port, $inetaddr ) = Socket::unpack_sockaddr_in( $addr ) }
1057					or return fake_makeerr( EAI_FAMILY() );
1058
1059					my $family = Socket::AF_INET();
1060
1061					$flags ||= 0;
1062
1063					my $flag_numerichost = $flags & NI_NUMERICHOST(); $flags &= ~NI_NUMERICHOST();
1064					my $flag_numericserv = $flags & NI_NUMERICSERV(); $flags &= ~NI_NUMERICSERV();
1065					my $flag_nofqdn = $flags & NI_NOFQDN(); $flags &= ~NI_NOFQDN();
1066					my $flag_namereqd = $flags & NI_NAMEREQD(); $flags &= ~NI_NAMEREQD();
1067					my $flag_dgram = $flags & NI_DGRAM() ; $flags &= ~NI_DGRAM();
1068
1069					$flags & (NI_IDN()|NI_IDN_ALLOW_UNASSIGNED()|NI_IDN_USE_STD3_ASCII_RULES()) and
1070					croak "Socket::getnameinfo() does not support IDN";
1071
1072					$flags == 0 or return fake_makeerr( EAI_BADFLAGS() );
1073
1074					$xflags ||= 0;
1075
1076					my $node;
1077					if( $xflags & NIx_NOHOST ) {
1078					$node = undef;
1079					}
1080					elsif( $flag_numerichost ) {
1081					$node = Socket::inet_ntoa( $inetaddr );
1082					}
1083					else {
1084					$node = gethostbyaddr( $inetaddr, $family );
1085					if( !defined $node ) {
1086					return fake_makeerr( EAI_NONAME() ) if $flag_namereqd;
1087					$node = Socket::inet_ntoa( $inetaddr );
1088					}
1089					elsif( $flag_nofqdn ) {
1090					my ( $shortname ) = split m/\./, $node;
1091					my ( $fqdn ) = gethostbyname $shortname;
1092					$node = $shortname if defined $fqdn and $fqdn eq $node;
1093					}
1094					}
1095
1096					my $service;
1097					if( $xflags & NIx_NOSERV ) {
1098					$service = undef;
1099					}
1100					elsif( $flag_numericserv ) {
1101					$service = "$port";
1102					}
1103					else {
1104					my $protname = $flag_dgram ? "udp" : "";
1105					$service = getservbyport( $port, $protname );
1106					if( !defined $service ) {
1107					$service = "$port";
1108					}
1109					}
1110
1111					return ( fake_makeerr( 0 ), $node, $service );
1112					}
1113
1114	1	488µs			1;
					# spent 342µs within Socket::CORE:match which was called 99 times, avg 3µs/call: # 99 times (342µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 795, avg 3µs/call sub Socket::CORE:match; # opcode
					# spent 31µs within Socket::CORE:qr which was called 2 times, avg 15µs/call: # once (21µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 932 # once (10µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 933 sub Socket::CORE:qr; # opcode
					# spent 236µs within Socket::CORE:regcomp which was called: # once (236µs+0s) by Fork::Queue::BEGIN@8 at line 933 sub Socket::CORE:regcomp; # opcode